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Huangdi said: Since ancient times, Tongtian (BL7) has been the root of life, rooted in the yin-yang between heaven and earth, within the six pairs of meridians. Its qi connects the nine orifices, five zang-organs, and twelve joints, all communicating with the qi of heaven. It generates the five elements, its qi is threefold. Those who frequently violate this will be harmed by pathogenic qi, as this is the foundation of longevity. When the qi of the heavens is pure and clear, the will is orderly. Following it, yang qi becomes firm, and even if thief pathogens are present, they cannot harm. This is due to the order of time. Therefore, the sages transmit the spirit, follow the qi of heaven, and connect with mental activity. Losing this leads to internal blockage of the nine orifices, external obstruction of the muscles, Weiqi disperses, which is called self-harm, and the qi diminishes.

Yang qi is just like the sun in the sky. Losing its place leads to shortened life and lack of brilliance. Therefore, the movement of heaven should follow the brightness of the sun (GB37). Thus, yang ascends and defends the exterior.

• Due to cold, it should move like a pivot, daily life as if startled, and the spirit qi will float.
• Due to summer heat, sweating, restlessness leads to panting, quietness leads to excessive talking, the body feels like burning charcoal, and sweating disperses it.
• Due to dampness, the head feels wrapped, dampness-heat is not expelled, the large tendons shorten, the small tendons relax and lengthen, shortening leads to contraction, lengthening leads to flaccidity.
• Due to qi, swelling occurs, the four dimensions alternate, and yang qi is exhausted.

Yang qi, when overworked, expands, essence is exhausted, accumulates in summer, causing scorching syncope. Blindness prevents seeing, deafness prevents hearing, collapsing like a ruined city, unstoppable.

Yang qi, when greatly angered, causes the form and qi to be cut off, blood stagnates above, causing emotional syncope. Injury to the tendons leads to relaxation, like Burong (ST19), sweating on one side, causing hemiplegia. Sweating and exposure to dampness leads to acne. Rich food changes, causing large sores, as if holding emptiness. Labor sweat in the wind, cold pressing leads to pimples, stagnation leads to acne.

Yang qi, when refined, nourishes the spirit, when soft, nourishes the tendons. Improper opening and closing, cold qi follows, leading to dyphosis. Sinking into the vessels leads to fistulas, lingering in the flesh. Yu qi transformation presses, transmitting fear and shock. If the nourishing qi does not follow, it rebels in the flesh, leading to abscesses. If the sweat of the corporeal soul is not exhausted, the form weakens and qi diminishes, the acupoints close, leading to wind malaria.

Thus, wind is the beginning of all diseases. When pure and quiet, the flesh resists, even great wind and toxins cannot harm. This is due to the order of time. Thus, prolonged illness leads to transmission and transformation, upper and lower not connecting, even good doctors cannot treat. Thus, yang accumulation leads to abdominal mass disease and death, and yang qi should be separated, separation should be purged, not urgently treated, coarseness leads to failure.

Thus, yang qi governs the exterior during the day, at dawn human qi arises, at noon yang qi is strong, at sunset yang qi is weak, sweat pores close. Thus, at dusk, gather and resist, do not disturb the tendons and bones, do not see fog and dew, contrary to these three times, the form becomes weak.

Qibo said: Yin stores essence and rises urgently, yang defends the exterior and makes firm. If yin cannot overcome yang, the pulse flows rapidly, leading to madness. If yang cannot overcome yin, the five zang-organs struggle, nine orifices do not open. Thus, the sages arrange yin-yang, tendons and vessels harmonize, marrow and bones are firm, qi and blood follow. Thus, internal and external harmony, evil cannot harm, ears and eyes are clear, qi stands as before.

Wind invades and excessive qi, essence is lost, evil harms the liver. Thus, overeating leads to tendon relaxation, dysentery leads to hemorrhoids. Thus, heavy drinking leads to qi counterflow. Thus, excessive force harms kidney qi, protruding bones are damaged. The key factor of yin and yang is that only when yang is compact can it strengthen. If the two are not harmonious, like spring without autumn, winter without summer, harmonizing them is called the sage's measure. Thus, priapism cannot be dense, yin qi is cut off. Only when yin is at peace and yang is compact can essence-spirit be normal. If yin and yang separate, essential qi is exhausted. Due to exposure to wind, cold and heat arise.

Thus, spring harmed by wind, pathogenic qi lingers, leading to profuse diarrhea; summer harmed by summer heat, autumn leads to malaria; autumn harmed by dampness, rising counterflow leads to cough, flaccidity and cold extremities; winter harmed by cold, spring leads to warm disease. The qi of the four seasons harms the five zang-organs.

The generation of yin is rooted in Wuwei, the yin of the five zang-organs is harmed in Wuwei. Thus, excessive sourness leads to liver qi moistening, spleen qi is cut off. Excessive saltiness leads to labor of the large bones, short muscles, heart qi is suppressed. Excessive sweetness leads to heart qi panting and fullness, black color, kidney qi is unbalanced. Excessive bitterness leads to spleen qi not moistening, stomach qi thickens. Excessive pungency leads to tendon relaxation, spirit is exhausted. Thus, carefully harmonize Wuwei, bones are straight, tendons are soft, qi and blood flow, striae and interstice are dense. Thus, bone qi is refined, carefully follow the path, long life is granted.